Tag Archives: Community statistics

European system of national and regional accounts in the Community

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European system of national and regional accounts in the Community

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about European system of national and regional accounts in the Community

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Budget

European system of national and regional accounts in the Community

Document or Iniciative

Council Regulation (EC) No 2223/96 of 25 June 1996 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the Community [See amending acts].

Summary

The European system of national and regional accounts (“ESA 1995”) makes it possible to describe the total economy of a region, country or group of countries, its components and its relations with other total economies.

The ESA is focused on the circumstances and needs of the EU. It can therefore serve as the central framework of reference for the social and economic statistics of the European Union and its Member States.

Content of the ESA

The ESA 1995 comprises two sets of tables:

  • the sector accounts *;
  • the input-output framework * and the accounts by industry *.

The purpose of this Regulation is to set up the ESA 1995 by providing for:

  • a methodology on common standards, definitions, classifications and accounting rules, that is intended to be used for compiling accounts and tables on comparable bases between the Member States for the purposes of the Community;
  • a programme, Eurostat, for transmitting on precise dates the accounts and tables compiled according to the ESA 1995.

Use

The Commission uses the national accounts aggregates for Community administrative and budgetary calculations. The ESA applies to all Community acts in which reference is made to it or to the definitions it lays down.

Key terms used in the act
  • Sector accounts: these provide, by institutional sector, a systematic description of the different stages of the economic process: production, generation of income, distribution of income, redistribution of income and use of income, as well as financial and non-financial accumulation; they also include balance sheets to describe the stocks of assets, liabilities and net worth at the beginning and at the end of the accounting period.
  • Input-output framework and accounts by industry: these describe in more detail the production process (cost structure, income generated and employment) and the flows of goods and services (output, imports, exports, intermediate consumption and capital formation by product group).

References

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 2223/96 20.12.1996 – OJ L 310 of 30.11.1996
Amending act(s) Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 2516/2000 7.12.2000 – OJ L 290 of 17.11.2000
Regulation (EC) No 359/2002 20.3.2002 – OJ L 58 of 28.2.2002
Regulation (EC) No 1392/2007

30.12.2007

–

OJ L 324 of 10.12.2007
Regulation (EC) No 400/2009

10.06.2009

–

OJ L 126 of 21.5.2009
Regulation (EC) No 715/2010

31.08.2010

–

OJ L 210 of 11.8.2010

Subsequent amendments and corrections to Regulation 2223/96 have been incorporated in the basic text. This consolidated version  is for reference purpose only.

Related Acts

Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1150/2000 of 22 May 2000 implementing Decision 94/728/EC, Euratom on the system of Community own resources [Official Journal L 130 of 31.5.2000].
See consolidated version

Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009 of 25 May 2009 on the application of the Protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community [Official Journal L 145 of 10.6.2009].
See consolidated version

Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 1553/89 of 29 May 1989 on the definitive uniform arrangements for the collection of own resources accruing from value added tax [Official Journal L 155 of 7.6.1989].
See consolidated version

Council Directive 89/130/EEC, Euratom of 13 February 1989 on the harmonisation of the compilation of gross national product at market prices [Official Journal L 49 of 21.2.1989].
See consolidated version consolidated version

Development of statistics on education and lifelong learning

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Development of statistics on education and lifelong learning

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Development of statistics on education and lifelong learning

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Education training youth sport > Lifelong learning

Development of statistics on education and lifelong learning

Document or Iniciative

Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 concerning the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning.

Summary

In order to develop education and lifelong learning strategies, and to monitor the implementation of these strategies, the production of comparable statistical data is of utmost importance. It is also essential that the statistical data production is based on a framework of consistent concepts. Consequently, this calls for the establishment of an integrated statistical information system on education, training and lifelong learning at the European Union (EU) level.

DOMAINS

This regulation applies to the production of EU level statistics on education and lifelong learning, covering the following domains:

Education and training systems

Comparable data is sought especially on the participation in and completion of educational programmes and on costs and resources used for education and training. The data covers domestic educational activities and includes all student types and age groups. It also allows for the calculation of indicators on education and training systems. EU countries must supply data falling under this domain annually.

Adult participation in lifelong learning

The comparable data collected on the participation and non-participation of adults in lifelong learning concerns individuals in the 25-64 age group. The supplementary collection of data on participation in social and cultural activities is on a voluntary basis only. Data for this domain must be supplied every five years, beginning in 2010 at the earliest.

Other statistics on education and lifelong learning

This concerns comparable data that support specific EU policies not covered by the above two domains, such as statistics on human capital or on the social and economic benefits of education. This data is obtained from existing EU level sources.

STATISTICAL ACTIONS

Individual statistical actions are used to implement the production of EU level statistics. These include the following:

  • for the first two domains, regular and timely delivery of statistics by EU countries;
  • within the scope of the third domain, provision of supplementary variables and indicators through other statistical information systems and surveys;
  • developing, improving and updating standards and manuals that define frameworks, concepts and methods;
  • within the context of the quality framework, improving data quality.

The Commission will take into consideration the existing capacities of EU countries with regard to the above actions. For the collected data, consideration will be given to the regional and gender aspects whenever possible.

The Commission (Eurostat) will also strive to collaborate, where appropriate, with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (Unesco) Institute for Statistics (UIS), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and other international organisations to guarantee the comparability and avoid the duplication of data at an international level.

When new data requirements arise, or when the quality of the data is insufficient, the Commission will first launch voluntary pilot studies to be implemented by EU countries before the actual data collection.

IMPLEMENTING MEASURES

In order to supplement the regulation, certain additional implementing measures are used to amend its non-essential elements. These include measures that provide for economic and technical developments in data collection, transmission and processing. If, on the basis of these measures, the need for supplementary data collection arises, any decisions will be taken only after a cost-benefit analysis is effectuated.

For EU countries, limited derogations and transition periods may be granted if need be, provided that these are based on objective reasons.

The Statistical Programme Committee assists the Commission in its work with regard to the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning.

References

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 452/2008

24.6.2008

–

OJ L 145 of 4.6.2008

Related Acts

Commission Regulation (EU) No 88/2011 of 2 February 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning, as regards statistics on education and training systems [Official Journal L 29 of 3.2.2011].

Commission Decision 2010/786/EU of 17 December 2010 granting derogations for implementing Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning with regard to Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Finland and the United Kingdom [Official Journal L 335 of 18.12.2010].

Commission Regulation (EU) No 823/2010 of 17 September 2010 implementing Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning, as regards statistics on the participation of adults in lifelong learning [Official Journal L 246 of 18.9.2010].
This regulation establishes the implementing measures for individual statistical actions to produce statistics on adult participation in lifelong learning.
The first Adult Education Survey covers the participation of adults in education and training during the period 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011 and any related aspects, such as difficulties encountered. The data is collected during the period 1 July 2011 – 30 June 2012 and then every five years. The survey covers the 25-64 age group, though the 18-24 and 65-69 age groups may also be covered.
In close collaboration with EU countries, the Commission produces an “Adult Education Survey Manual” to ensure a high level of harmonisation between their survey results.
The regulation establishes minimum requirements in order to ensure that the data to be transmitted is of high quality. Its annexes specify the variables concerning the survey subjects and the sample and precision requirements. EU countries must submit quality reports on the survey to the Commission, to which end quality requirements are also set out in the annex to the regulation.

Statistics on public health and health and safety at work

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Statistics on public health and health and safety at work

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Statistics on public health and health and safety at work

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Employment and social policy > Health hygiene and safety at work

Statistics on public health and health and safety at work

Document or Iniciative

Regulation (EC) 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work (Text with EEA relevance).

The establishment of a Community regulatory framework is aimed at improving the systematic production of statistical data in the area of public health and health and safety at work. It is intended to facilitate the accessibility and compatibility of the data provided by Member States to the Commission.

The statistics will constitute a source of information to be used to guide and monitor Community and national policy. This data will also contribute to the establishment of structural indicators, sustainable development indicators and health indicators.

Member States shall collect the statistical data by means of surveys of the population or from administrative sources. It shall cover:

  • health status and health determinants, including physical and mental functioning, environmental and socio-professional factors (Annex I);
  • health care, in particular its availability, utilisation, cost and financing (Annex II);
  • causes of death, especially the characteristics of the deceased and his/her region (Annex III);
  • accidents at work, especially the characteristics of the injured person, the nature and circumstances of the accident (Annex IV);
  • occupational diseases, work-related health problems and illnesses (Annex V).

The statistics shall be transmitted by Member States to the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat), in electronic form and in accordance with a Community interchange standard chosen by common agreement. The Commission must ensure their accessibility, dissemination and documentation. It shall act in accordance with Regulation 322/97/EC on the production of Community statistics and shall guarantee the impartiality, reliability, objectivity and cost-effectiveness of the statistical data.

Member States shall ensure the confidential nature of the data and the protection of personal data.

Member States shall take all necessary measures to ensure the quality of the data. They shall follow the methodological manuals and guidelines produced by the Commission. The quality and comparability of the data shall be assessed in accordance with standards developed by the Commission in cooperation with Member States and based on criteria of relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, accessibility and coherence). These standards shall be adopted in compliance with the principles of the European Statistics Code of Practice.

The Commission shall endeavour to coordinate, as far as possible, the development of methodologies and data collection activities with those implemented by international organisations operating in the field of public health and health and safety at work.

Every five years, the Commission shall publish a report on the quality of the data transmitted, based on the reports provided by Member States.

The Commission shall be assisted by the Statistical Programme Committee.

REFERENCES

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) 1338/2008 21.1.2008 – OJ L 354 of 31.12.2008

A coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks for monitoring the Lisbon objectives

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A coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks for monitoring the Lisbon objectives

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about A coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks for monitoring the Lisbon objectives

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Education training youth sport > Education and training: general framework

A coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks for monitoring the Lisbon objectives

Document or Iniciative

Communication from the Commission of 21 February 2007 – “A coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks for monitoring progress towards the Lisbon objectives in education and training” [COM(2007) 61 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Summary

Indicators and benchmarks are needed to monitor the progress that is essential to the Lisbon process. The current framework is based on the Education and Training 2010 programme and consists of a set of 20 essential indicators (the “core indicators”), which are supported by context indicators, and five benchmarks.

This framework facilitates the sharing of experiences and best practice and makes it possible to:

  • provide statistical underpinning for key policy messages;
  • analyse progress towards the Lisbon objectives, at both European Union (EU) and national level;
  • identify examples of good performance that can be disseminated in EU countries;
  • compare EU performance with that of non-EU countries, such as the USA and Japan.

FRAMEWORK OF INDICATORS AND BENCHMARKS

The framework of indicators and benchmarks consists of core indicators, which are of a general nature, and context indicators, which allow a greater degree of precision.

The indicators and benchmarks are centred around eight key policy domains identified in the Education and Training 2010 strategy, namely:

  • making education and training fairer;
  • promoting efficiency in education and training;
  • making lifelong learning a reality;
  • key skills for young people;
  • modernising school education;
  • modernising vocational education and training (the Copenhagen process);
  • modernising higher education (the Bologna process);
  • employability.

Making education and training fairer

European education and training systems must be fair. Fairness is assessed by looking at the extent to which individuals take advantage of education and training in terms of opportunities, access, treatment and outcomes. Certain key themes, such as the promotion of gender equality and the integration of ethnic minorities and disabled persons, need to be monitored.

In order to ensure effective participation in lifelong learning, the proportion of early school-leavers must be reduced. The Council has therefore set a benchmark of limiting to 10% the proportion of early school-leavers.

Progress in this area will be assessed on the basis of the following core indicators:

  • participation in pre-school education;
  • special needs education;
  • early school-leavers.

The indicator on the stratification of education and training systems will make it possible to assess the impact of the structure of education and training systems and differences between educational establishments.

Promoting efficiency in education and training

It has been shown that improving efficiency is not necessarily detrimental to the fairness of education systems. Efficiency and fairness can go hand in hand.

The efficiency of European education and training systems is mainly a matter of making the best possible use of resources. Private and public investment must be supported, as must investment in higher education. Indeed, the latter receives less funding than in some non-EU countries.

Efficiency will be assessed in the light of investment in education and training.

Making lifelong learning a reality

Lifelong learning is crucial for competitiveness, employability, economic prosperity, social inclusion, active citizenship and the personal fulfilment of people living and working in the knowledge-based economy.

In order to have a career and participate fully in lifelong learning, it is essential to complete upper secondary education. In view of this, the Council has adopted two benchmarks, namely that by 2010, 85% of young people should complete upper secondary education and that by 2010, 12.5% of the adult population should participate in lifelong learning.

The core indicators for monitoring progress in this area are:

  • participation of adults in lifelong learning;
  • adults’ skills.

What is more, the indicator on upper secondary completion rates will make it possible to assess the degree to which young people are ready to participate in lifelong learning.

Key skills for young people

Acquiring basic skills is an essential prerequisite for working in a knowledge-based society. This is why the Council has set a benchmark aimed at reducing by at least 20% the number of low-achieving 15-year-olds in reading as compared to the 2000 level.

The core indicators allowing an overall assessment of basic skills are based on the following key skills:

  • literacy in reading, mathematics and science;
  • language skills;
  • ICT (information and communication technologies) skills;
  • civic skills;
  • learning to learn.

Modernising school education

The quality of school education depends on improving the initial training of teachers and the participation of all teachers in continuing professional development. The Council has also deemed that tools such as school self-evaluation are essential. Accordingly, training in the management and use of these tools must be promoted.

Progress in this area will be monitored using the following core indicators:

  • early school-leavers;
  • school management;
  • schools as multi-purpose local learning centres;
  • professional development of teachers and trainers.

Modernising vocational education and training (VET)

In line with the Copenhagen process, the image and appeal of vocational training for employers must be improved, levels of participation in VET must be increased and quality and flexibility in initial vocational education and training must be encouraged.

Progress will be assessed using the core indicator on upper secondary completion rates among young people, with particular attention being given to vocational streams.

The indicator on the stratification of education and training systems measures the degree to which initial vocational education and training is available in the structure of the education and training system.

Furthermore, the context indicator on participation in continuing vocational education and training will allow an assessment of the role of businesses in the participation of their employees in continuing vocational training and its financing.

Modernising higher education

Modernising higher education and increasing funding to university research will contribute to the EU’s objective of becoming a competitive knowledge-based economy. Moreover, the Bologna process has the aim of creating, by 2010, a European Higher Education Area with a common degree structure so as to encourage mobility among students and workers.

The benchmarks for assessing the modernisation of higher education are that of devoting at least 2% of GDP (including both public and private funding) by 2015 to modernising higher education and that of increasing by 15% the number of graduates in mathematics, science and technology by 2010.

Progress will be measured using the following three core indicators:

  • higher education graduates;
  • transnational mobility of students in higher education;
  • investment in education and training.

Employability

In order to meet the challenge of achieving a higher level of employment, the Council has set objectives for overall employment rates, employment rates for older workers and employment rates for women.

People’s employability and capacity to adapt throughout their life depend on their level of education and their key skills.

The indicators used for employability are:

  • educational attainment of the population;
  • adults’ skills;
  • results produced by education and training.

DATA SOURCES SUPPORTING THE COHERENT FRAMEWORK

The framework of indicators and benchmarks is based on data that mainly come from the European Statistical System (ESS).

Data provided by the ESS

Several different sources are used within the ESS to produce data on education and training and establish indicators. These can be divided into two groups.

The first group encompasses the annual UNESCO/OECD/Eurostat (UOE) data collection on formal education systems in EU countries, the five-yearly Continuing Vocational Training Survey (CVTS), which collects information on training at enterprise level and the five-yearly Adult Education Survey (AES), which provides information on adult learning habits.

The second group includes general sources of information such as the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the EU Survey on Income and Living Conditions (SILC). There are also other specific sources (surveys on the use of ICT in households and companies).

Acquiring internationally comparable data is a matter of interest for individual countries. Various countries are thus making their statistical infrastructures better equipped to produce information on the schools and students whose work the EU is tracking.

Data produced outside the ESS

The ESS cannot provide the full statistical infrastructure required for the framework of indicators and benchmarks. Eurydice and Cedefop, in cooperation with Eurostat, are responsible for the data and context indicators that support this framework.

Furthermore, the Commission may decide to put forward its own procedures for creating data-collection tools, such as in the field of language knowledge. It has also prepared a recommendation on the creation of a survey tool in the area of “learning to learn”, and a transnational pilot survey is planned for 2007.

The Commission also cooperates with international organisations such as the OECD, which produce their own indicators, and with EU countries.

BACKGROUND

In 2002, the Heads of State and Government agreed to make European education and training systems a world quality reference by 2010. As part of the Lisbon strategy, common objectives for improving education and training systems were adopted by the Ministers of Education. The Education and Training 2010 work programme was drawn up so as to achieve these objectives.

The coherent framework of indicators and benchmarks covered by this communication will make it possible to assess the progress made. It replaces the framework that was in place for the 2004-06 period, in comparison with which it is more streamlined. Indeed, the 2004-06 framework was made up of 29 indicators and five benchmarks intended to measure progress in the 13 objectives then in place.

Related Acts

Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the establishment of a European Quality Assurance Reference Framework for Vocational Education and Training [Official Journal C 155 of 8.7.2009].

Regulation (EC) No 452/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 concerning the production and development of statistics on education and lifelong learning [Official Journal L 145 of 4.6.2008].

Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament of 3 August 2007 – “Improving the quality of teacher education” [COM(2007) 392 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Recommendation 2006/962/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 on key competences for lifelong learning [Official Journal L 394 of 30.12.2006].

Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament of 8 September 2006 – “Efficiency and equity in European education and training systems” [COM(2006) 481 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions of 20 October 2005 – “European values in the globalised world – Contribution of the Commission to the October Meeting of Heads of State and Government” [COM(2005) 525 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions of 12 October 2005 – “More Research and Innovation – Investing for Growth and Employment: A Common Approach” [COM(2005) 488 final – Official Journal C 49 of 28.2.2006].

Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council of 1 August 2005 – “The European Indicator of Language Competence” [COM(2005) 356 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and to the Council of 25 May 2005 on the independence, integrity and accountability of the national and Community statistical authorities [COM(2005) 217 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission of 20 April 2005 – “Mobilising the brainpower of Europe: enabling universities to make their full contribution to the Lisbon Strategy” [COM(2005) 152 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission of 10 January 2003 – “Investing efficiently in education and training: an imperative for Europe” [COM(2002) 779 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Communication from the Commission of 20 November 2002 – “European benchmarks in education and training: follow-up to the Lisbon European Council” [COM(2002) 629 final – Not published in the Official Journal].

Council Resolution of 27 June 2002 on lifelong learning [Official Journal C 163 of 9.7.2002].

Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 February 2001 on European cooperation in quality evaluation in school education [Official Journal L 60 of 1.3.2001].

 

Community statistics on asylum and migration

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Community statistics on asylum and migration

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Community statistics on asylum and migration

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Justice freedom and security > Free movement of persons asylum and immigration

Community statistics on asylum and migration

Document or Iniciative

Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on Community statistics on migration and international protection and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 311/76 on the compilation of statistics on foreign workers.

Summary

This regulation establishes common rules for the collection of Community statistics on migration by European Union (EU) countries. It concerns statistics relating to immigration * to and emigration * from an EU country, citizenship and country of birth of persons resident in the territories of EU countries, and administrative and judicial procedures relating to migration.

Statistics on migration, international protection, illegal immigration and returns

EU countries are required to provide Eurostat with statistics on the numbers of:

  • immigrants moving to their territories;
  • emigrants moving from their territories;
  • persons usually resident in their territories;
  • residence permits issued, including long-term residence permits;
  • natural persons having acquired national citizenship.

EU countries are also required to give the numbers of:

  • persons applying for international protection;
  • persons covered by applications under consideration by the national authorities;
  • applications rejected;
  • applications granting refugee, subsidiary protection and temporary protection statuses;
  • unaccompanied minors;
  • applications and transfers covered by the Dublin II Regulation;
  • persons selected for resettlement *.

In addition, EU countries must provide Eurostat with statistics on the numbers of non-EU country nationals who have been refused entry at their external borders and who have been found illegally present in their territories.

Furthermore, EU countries must provide statistics on the number of administrative or judicial decisions imposing an obligation to leave their territories, as well as on the number of non-EU country nationals who are returned to their countries of origin, countries of transit or other non-EU countries.

Provisions common to the different categories

The statistics are based on:

  • records of administrative and judicial actions;
  • registers relating to administrative actions and population registers;
  • censuses;
  • sample surveys.

As a rule, the statistics are disaggregated by age, sex and nationality. The Commission may adopt other disaggregations, such as the year in which the residence permit was granted for the first time (statistics on residence permits) or reason for refusal or arrest (statistics on illegal entry and immigration).

The Commission is assisted by the Statistical Programming Committee. It will submit a report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the implementation of the regulation by 20 August 2012 at the latest (and then every three years).

Background

This regulation is in response to the conclusions of the Thessaloniki European Council of June 2003, which asked for more effective mechanisms for collecting and analysing information on migration and asylum in the EU. The Commission had previously published an action plan laying down the objectives for developing statistics in this field.

Key terms used in the act
  • Immigration: the action by which a person establishes his or her residence in the territory of another EU or non-EU country for a period of at least twelve months;
  • Emigration: the action by which a person, having previously been resident in the territory of an EU country, changes his or her country of residence for a period of at least twelve months;
  • Resettlement: the transfer of non-EU country nationals to an EU country where they are permitted to reside for the purposes of international protection.

References

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 862/2007

20.8.2007

–

OJ L 199 of 31.7.2007

Related Acts

Commission Regulation (EU) No 351/2010 of 23 April 2010 implementing Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on migration and international protection as regards the definitions of the categories of the groups of country of birth, groups of country of previous usual residence, groups of country of next usual residence and groups of citizenship [Official Journal L 104 of 24.4.2010].
To ensure the comparability of statistics from EU countries and to allow the drawing up of reliable EU-wide overviews from these statistics, it is essential that all EU countries define certain categories of groups in the same manner. Consequently, this regulation establishes the categories of groups of:

  • country of birth;
  • country of previous usual residence;
  • next usual residence;
  • citizenship.

EU countries must transmit data to the Commission according to these groups, as listed in the annex to this regulation. The groups of countries and citizenship are divided into basic groups and additional groups of other non-EU countries and citizenship disaggregated by levels of development. The Commission provides lists of countries and citizenships for each basic and additional group.

Commission Regulation (EU) No 216/2010 of 15 March 2010 implementing Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on migration and international protection, as regards the definitions of categories of the reasons for the residence permits [Official Journal L 66 of 16.3.2010].
To harmonise the collection of statistics by EU countries, this regulation defines in its annex the categories of reasons for issuing residence permits to non-EU country nationals. The list includes categories of reasons relating to:

  • family formation and reunification;
  • education and study;
  • remunerated activities.

Intrastat system – statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States

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Intrastat system – statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Intrastat system – statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Internal market > Free movement of goods: general framework

Intrastat system – statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States

Document or Iniciative

Regulation (EC) No 638/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on Community statistics relating to the trading of goods between Member States and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 3330/91 (See amending act(s)).

Summary

Intrastat, which has been in operation since 1993, is the system for the provision of statistical information on dispatches and arrivals of Community goods. The provision of statistics is essential for the development of European policies on the internal market and market analysis.

Statistics concerned

This Regulation simplifies the Intrastat system which was established in 1993 and improves the comparability of statistics between Member States. It establishes a common framework for the collection and production of Community statistics on the trading of goods between Member States. ‘Trading of goods between Member States’ means any movement of merchandise from one Member State to another and ‘merchandise’ means all movable property, including electric current.

Register management

National authorities set up and manage a register of intra-European Union operators made up of consignors and consignees. The parties responsible for providing information * for Intrastat are those operators whose annual trade amount – dispatches and arrivals – is of a certain value. The other operators are exempt from all statistical requirements. This value is re-defined each year and is fixed separately for dispatches and arrivals so that a minimum amount of data is collected for each trade flow. This relates to exclusion thresholds.

Data to be collected by the Intrastat system

The parties responsible for providing information provide the national statistical authorities with the following data:

  • the identification number allocated to the party responsible for providing information;
  • the reference period;
  • the flow (arrival, dispatch);
  • the commodity, identified by the eight-digit code of the Combined Nomenclature;
  • the partner Member State;
  • the value of the goods in the national currency;
  • the quantity of the goods in net mass (weight excluding packaging) and the supplementary unit (litre, m², number of items, etc.), if relevant;
  • the nature of the transaction.

Simplifying the Intrastat system

This regulation modifies the Intrastat system in order to take better account of users’ needs while alleviating the statistical obligations of intra-EU operators. Each year, Member States re-define their exclusion thresholds and communicate these amounts to Eurostat. These thresholds are set in such a way so as to collect data relating to at least 97% of all dispatches and at least 95% of all arrivals of national intra-Community operators.

Statistical confidentiality

Any party responsible for providing information may request that their data receives statistical confidentiality. Following this request, the national authorities shall decide whether the statistical results which make it possible to identify the said provider are to be disseminated or are to be amended in such a way that their dissemination does not prejudice statistical confidentiality.

Transmission of data to Eurostat

Member States shall transmit to Eurostat the monthly results of their statistics on the trading of goods between Member States.

Member States must ensure the quality of the data transmitted in accordance with the standards in force. The statistics must fulfil certain criteria:

  • relevance;
  • accuracy;
  • timeliness;
  • punctuality;
  • accessibility and clarity;
  • comparability;
  • coherence.

The Committee for the statistics on the trading of goods between Member States is given the task of assisting the Commission in applying this regulation.

This Regulation shall apply from 1 January 2005 and repeals Regulation (EEC) No 3330/91 as of this date.

Key terms used in the act
  • Parties responsible for providing information: natural or legal persons registered for VAT in the Member State of dispatch or arrival of goods who are involved in the dispatch or delivery of goods.

References

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal

Regulation (EC) No 638/2004

27.4.2004

–

OJ L 102 of 7.4.2004
Amending act(s) Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal

Regulation (EC) No 222/2009

20.4.2009

–

OJ L 87 of 31.3.2009

The successive amendments and corrections to Regulation (EEC) No 638/2004 have been incorporated in the original text. This consolidated version is of documentary value only.

Statistics on tourism

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Statistics on tourism

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Statistics on tourism

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Enterprise > Industry

Statistics on tourism

Document or Iniciative

Regulation (EU) No 692/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 concerning European statistics on tourism and repealing Council Directive 95/57/EC (Text with EEA relevance).

Summary

This Regulation aims at introducing a common framework for the development, production and dissemination of European statistics on tourism. It forms part of the provisions of the Regulation on European statistics.

The role of the Member States is to collect, draw up, process and transmit harmonised statistics on supply and demand in tourism.

What sort of data do the Member States have to collect?

Member States have to collect data relating to internal tourism * in terms of the capacity of tourist accommodation establishments
*. Information enabling the capacity of accommodation establishments to be determined includes:

  • number of establishments;
  • number of bed places;
  • number of rooms.

Some of these variables are collected at regional NUTS level 2 and apply to:

  • the type of accommodation (hotels, tourist accommodation, camping grounds);
  • the type of locality (densely populated, intermediate or thinly populated areas, coastal or non-coastal areas);
  • size (small, medium-sized or large establishments).

Member States also have to collect data on the number of establishments having one or more bedrooms accessible for persons with reduced mobility, including wheelchair users.

Variables relating to the occupancy of establishments concern the number of overnight stays and arrivals of residents and non-residents, as well as the occupancy rate of bedrooms and bed places. Some of these variables are collected at regional NUTS level 2 and apply to:

  • the type of accommodation (hotels, tourist accommodation, camping grounds);
  • the type of locality (densely populated, intermediate or thinly populated areas, coastal or non-coastal areas);
  • size (small, medium-sized or large establishments);
  • countries and geographical areas.

Member States may also collect data relating to internal tourism in non-rented accommodation
*, namely the number of tourism nights spent by residents and non-residents in non-rented accommodation.

In addition, Member States collect data concerning national tourism
*
 in terms of tourist demand for participation in tourism and the characteristics of trips. This data is based on variables including the duration and destination of trips for personal purposes, and socio-demographic data such as age group, education level, employment situation, etc.

Member States also compile triennial data presenting the main reasons for non-participation in tourism for personal purposes (financial reasons, lack of time, health reasons, etc.).

Variables concerning the trip itself must also be transmitted, namely:

  • the month of departure;
  • the duration of the trip;
  • destination;
  • the purpose of the trip;
  • means of transport;
  • means of accommodation;
  • expenditure;
  • profile of the visitor.

Lastly, Member States collect data on national tourism in terms of tourism demand concerning the characteristics of same-day visits within the Member State or abroad. This data is based on variables relating to:

  • the number of same-day visits (for personal or professional reasons);
  • expenditure;
  • the destination country (visits abroad);
  • the socio-demographic information described above.

Once a year, Member States send Eurostat a report on the quality of data collected. Eurostat has to create and update a methodological manual containing guidelines on the statistics produced.

What sort of programmes have to be implemented?

The Commission wishes Member States to put in place pilot programmes (on a voluntary basis) in order to prepare the development, production and dissemination of harmonised tables for tourism satellite accounts. The Commission also intends to draw up a programme of pilot studies to determine the effects of tourism on the environment.

This Regulation repeals Directive 95/57/EC.

Key terms of the Act
  • Domestic tourism: visits within a Member State by visitors who are residents of that Member State.
  • Inbound tourism: visits to a Member State by visitors who are not residents of that Member State.
  • Outbound tourism: visits by residents of a Member State outside that Member State.
  • National tourism: domestic and outbound tourism.
  • Internal tourism: domestic and inbound tourism.
  • Tourist accommodation establishment: a local kind-of-activity unit providing short-stay accommodation services as a paid service.
  • Non-rented accommodation: accommodation provided without charge by family or friends, and accommodation in owner-occupied vacation homes, including time share properties.

Reference

Act Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EU) No 692/2011

11.8.2011

–

OJ L 192 of 22.7.2011

European Statistical Governance Advisory Board

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European Statistical Governance Advisory Board

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about European Statistical Governance Advisory Board

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

Employment and social policy > Social and employment situation in europe

European Statistical Governance Advisory Board

Document or Iniciative

Decision No 235/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2008 establishing the European Statistical Governance Advisory Board.

Summary

The European Statistical Governance Advisory Board is an independent body established to oversee how the European Statistics Code of Practice is implemented in the European Statistical System.
The Advisory Board carries out its mission:

  • through an annual report for the Parliament and Council on the implementation of the Code of Practice by the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat);
  • through an assessment of the implementation of the Code in the European Statistical System as a whole, included in the annual report;
  • by advising on the implementation of the Code by Eurostat and the European Statistical System as a whole;
  • by advising on communicating the Code to users and data providers;
  • by advising on the updating of the Code.

The Advisory Board may advise the Commission to build user confidence in European statistics.

Composition

The Advisory Board is comprised of seven independent members who are experts in the field of statistics. The European Parliament and the Council each nominate three members after consulting the Commission.

After consulting the Commission, the Chairperson is selected by the Council and approved by the Parliament. The term of office for the chairperson is three years, renewable once. He or she cannot be a member of either a National Statistical Office or the Commission, nor have held such a post within the last two years.

If a member resigns before the expiry of his or her term of office, his or her replacement is nominated to serve a full term.

Eurostat is an observer member of the Advisory Board.

Operation

The Advisory Board is assisted by an independent secretariat which is provided by the Commission. A secretary is appointed by the Commission after consulting the Board.

The public can have access to the annual report on the implementation of the Code of Practice. Furthermore, all non-confidential documents can be made public after submission for response to the Parliament, the Council, the Commission and any other relevant body.

The expenses of the Board are included in the budgetary estimates of the Commission. A review of the role and effectiveness of the Board shall be conducted in 2010.

Context

The European Statistics Code of Practice was established in 2005 by the Statistical Programme Committee. It is presented in the Recommendation of the Commission of 25 May 2005 [COM(2005) 0217 final – Not published in the Official Journal]. The Code defines standards on the independence, integrity and accountability of the national and Community statistical authorities. It therefore contributes to the improvement of good governance, the quality of statistical data and user confidence in the authorities concerned.

A dialogue on the Code of Practice must be established between the Statistical Programme Committee, the European Statistical Advisory Committee and the relevant bodies in the Member States.

References


Act

Entry into force

Deadline for transposition in the Member States

Official Journal

Decision 235/2008/EC

16.3.2008

–

OJ L 73 of 15.3.2008

External trade: statistics relating to non-member countries

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External trade: statistics relating to non-member countries

Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about External trade: statistics relating to non-member countries

Topics

These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.

External trade

External trade: statistics relating to non-member countries

Act

Regulation (EC) No 471/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 May 2009 on Community statistics relating to external trade with non-member countries and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1172/95.

Summary

This Regulation establishes harmonised rules on the production of European statistics relating to trade in goods between the European Union (EU) and third countries.

Scope

Trade statistics concern imports and exports of goods *. Pursuant to the Customs Code, this Regulation establishes that:

  • goods leaving the statistical territory of the EU * shall be considered as exports;
  • goods entering the statistical territory of the EU shall be considered as imports.

Certain types of goods or movements of goods (such as industrial plants, aircraft, military goods, waste products or electricity and gas) are subject to specific provisions.

Data source

The customs declaration
* for imported or exported goods is considered as the main source for the recording of statistical data.
However, Member States are free to use other data sources to produce their national statistics.

Statistical data

For each monthly reference period, EU countries are to produce statistics relating to external trade in goods. These statistics are expressed in value and quantity, in particular according to:

  • the type of goods;
  • the importing or exporting country;
  • the statistical procedure;
  • the nature of the transaction;
  • preferential treatment on import;
  • the mode of transport.

Each year, EU countries are to establish statistics on external trade in goods, and according to business characteristics, pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 177/2008. Namely in relation to:

  • the economic activity carried out by the enterprise, according to the section of the common statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community (NACE);
  • the number of employees.

Statistics are prepared using data relating to business characteristics and import and export data.
Every two years, EU countries are to compile statistics on trade in imported or exported goods broken down by invoicing currency. These statistics are compiled using a representative sample of records on imports and exports from customs declarations. If the invoicing currency for exports is not available on the customs declaration, a survey shall be carried out to collect the required data.

The compilation by Member States of additional statistics for national purposes may be determined where the data are available on the customs declaration.

Data exchange

Data from records on imports and exports declared to customs authorities must be sent to the national statistical authorities within one month. These records must include a minimum amount of statistical data.

Transmission of external trade statistics to the Commission (Eurostat)

External trade statistics must be sent to the Commission (Eurostat) within 40 days following the end of each monthly reference period. If the statistics are revised, updates must be sent to the Commission.

Quality assessment

Statistics sent to the Commission must be precise, up-to-date, relevant, clear and accessible for users.

Member States shall provide the Commission with a report on the quality of the statistics transmitted. The quality of the latter is assessed by the Commission.

Context

This Regulation is part of an initiative to make the Community statistical system more transparent. Regulation (EC) No 1172/95 is repealed.

Key terms of the Act
  • Goods: all movable property, including electricity.
  • Statistical territory of the EU: the customs territory of the EU as defined in the Customs Code with the addition of the Island of Heligoland in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany.
  • Customs declaration: the customs declaration as defined in the Customs Code.

References


Act 		Entry into force Deadline for transposition in the Member States Official Journal
Regulation (EC) No 471/2009

26.7.2009

–

OJ L 152 of 16.6.2009